Environmental Problems and Development Policies for Renewable Energy in BRIC Countries

One of the most relevant and compelling issues faced by the BRIC countries (i.e.  Brazil, Russia, India and China) in the current economic climate concerns the environmental and energy fields, especially in the face of the present economic stagnation. The VI BRICS Summit was devoted mainly to social inclusion and sustainable development. The debate was based on the slogan "Inclusive growth: sustainable solutions". During the summit, an Agreement on the New Development Bank was signed in order to address the “…significant financing constraints to address infrastructure gaps and sustainable development needs”. One of the many commitments of New Development Bank (NDB) is: “DESIROUS to contribute to an international financial system conducive to economic and social development respectful of the global environment;” while the Final Declaration of Fortaleza states that: #54.. “The agenda should integrate the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development in a balanced and comprehensive manner with concise, implementable and measurable goals,…” #55 “. We reiterate our commitment to the UN General Assembly Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) …” At the UNFCCC meeting in Bonn (June 2014), the BRICS group established a financial instrument (NDB) for future challenges in a world that is just coming out of a crisis; many interested contributors from both developed and developing countries have indicated that they will be making financial pledges to the Green Climate Fund (GCF). The Fund, established during the 2010 Conference of UNFCCC ( United Nations Framework Climate Change Convention) States Parties (held in Cancun), was designated as an operating entity of the financial mechanism of the Convention. It will aim to make a significant and ambitious contribution to the efforts towards attaining agreed international goals on fighting against climate change, including a shift towards low-emission and climate-resilient development pathways by providing support to developing countries. The Initial Mobilization Resource should be around US$ 10billion, according to the latest decisions of the GCF Board.  So there are various financial instruments devoted to dealing with future challenges in sustainable development. These instruments have an impact on main environmental indicators.  But, what about situation and trend of environmental main indicators?  GHG emission and removal are important elements amidst efforts to achieve the objective of “stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system” After COP 18 in Warsaw (Poland), in 2013, where trends were updated, the contribution of BRIC countries towards the objective of stabilization is now clear... (segue)